E Commerce Advantages and Disadvantages

E Commerce Advantages and Disadvantages Electronic commerce comprises of the selling and buying of the items, products and services through internet or intranet medium. Internet is most helpful and reliable medium to generate revenue and to attract potential customers. E-Commerce is a greatest invention in the field of trade as it has made the trade easy and customer friendly. E-Commerce is mostly depends upon virtual items to access websites. A huge proportion of E-commerce is carry out totally automatically for virtual items such as admission to finest satisfied on a website, but the majority electronic commerce involves the carrying of substantial items in some means. Almost all large retailers have E-commerce occurrence on the website. Electronic business that is carried out among selling is referred to as business-to-business or B2B. B2B can be unlocked to all concerned parties (e.g. commodity exchange) or incomplete to exact, pre-determined contributors. Electronic trade that is conducted among trade and customers, on the other hand, is referred to as business-to-consumer or B2C. This kind of E-Commerce is carried out through internet and other electronic medium. Online shopping is a shape of electronic trade where the purchaser is straight online to the sellers computer usually via the internet. E-Commerce is providing the business and the owners more benefits because it is the easiest and cheaper way to promote and boost up the products. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF ELECTRONIC COMMERCE: ADVANTAGES OF E- COMMERCE: E-Commerce is the easiest and the quickest way to boost up the business. E-commerce is gratifying the just alternative and electronic mail is a computer application which transmits the messages to the email boxes of other people using data communication which is called as email. There are a lot of internet sites which provide free email services related to the E-Commerce and business to the internet users and the customers. Computer softwares are used to promote the Electronic business. The computer softwares refer to the collective set of instructions called programs that can be interpreted by the business computers and cannot be touched by the humanà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s The program causes the computer to perform desired functions such as flight simulation, the generation of business graphics or word processing. Following re the basic types of business software: System Software Application Software Utility Programs Whereas an operating system is an integrated set of programs that is used to manage the various resources and overall operations of a business. T s designed to support the activities of a computer installation. Its primary objective is to improve the performance and efficiency of a computer system and increase facility and ease with a system can be used. It also makes computer system user friendly. Business operating systems are used by many of business computers at this era. Operating systems include the disk operating system, windows, macintosh system from apple computer and Warp of IBM, and UNIX and Linux are using in the Electronic Business now a days. Business computer can only understand the machine or hardware language. It is necessary to convert the instructions of a program written in high level language to machine instructions before the program can be executed by the computer. A complier carries out this business job. Thus a complier is a translating program that translate s the instructions of a high level language into machine language. A complier is called as business complier because the complier a set of business activities for every program instruction of a high level instruction. Complier can translate only those sources program which have been written in the language for which the computer is meant. For example, FORTAN complier is only capable of translating source programs which have been written in FORTAN, and therefore each requires a separate complier for each high level language. While interpreter is another type of business high level languages into machine codes. It takes one statement of a high level language and translates it into a machine instruction which is a useful technique for the business. DISADVANTAGES: E-Business is only dependent to the internet based advertisement and business which is a big drawback for the specific company in those cities where the people are not too much educated and then those people cannot access the internet and computer media. This factor can be a big loss for the company and its business. Some of the internet sites are charging too much from the customers and therefore customers and clients feel hesitation to go and view for those sites and this creates a major hindrance to enhance and boost up the business and the trade of the company. E-Business s not too much useful for the illiterate people and thus those people remain unaware by the policies and strategies of the big and well named companies. No doubt, E-Business has many advantages for the company and the trade for the company but we cannot neglect the disadvantages of the E-Business. MEANING OF SOME E-BUSINESS TERMS AUTHENTICATION: Authentication is a phenomenon to declare the surety and validity of the things to be occurred. Authentication is occurred due to the logon of the password. While that Knowledge of the code word or password describes the validity and authentication of the user. Every user has its own and unique password. It is essential that the user must know the previous password to create the new password. The flaw in this system for transactions that are important (such as the swap of cash) is so as to passwords can often be stolen, by chance exposed, or elapsed. ACCESS CONTROL: It I the scheme or system through which one can control and access the specific and desired task. Admittance systematize system, inside the pasture of the code word, is more often than not seen as the subsequently coat in the sanctuary of a bodily arrangement. Access control is a real and daily process and phenomenon. A bolt on a car access is really a form of access control. A PIN on an ATM scheme at a bank is another means of access control. Bouncers standing in front of a night club is perhaps a more primitive mode of access control (given the evident lack of information technology involved). The control of access manage is of major significance when persons seek to secure significant, confidential, or responsive in sequence and gear. Item manage or electronic key management is an area inside (and possibly integrated with) an access manage system which concerns the managing of control and position of small assets or bodily (mechanical) keys. (Sometimes known as Conditional Access System) A safety system assuring that only those who have paid for the services will get those services. The scheme is often made up of 3 parts: (1) signal scrambling, (2) encryption of electronic keys which the viewer will need, and (3) the Subscriber Management System. DATA INTEGRITY: Integrity, in terms of data and network security, is the assurance that information can only be accessed or modified by those authorized to do so. Measures taken to ensure integrity include controlling the physical environment of networked terminals and servers, restricting access to data, and maintaining rigorous authentication practices. Data integrity can also be threatened by environmental hazards, such as heat, dust, and electrical surges. Practices followed to protect data integrity in the physical environment include: making servers accessible only to network administrators, keeping transmission media (such as cables and connectors) covered and protected to ensure that they cannot be tapped, and protecting hardware and storage media from power surges, electrostatic discharges, and magnetism. Network administration measures to ensure data integrity include: maintaining current authorization levels for all users, documenting system administration procedures, parameters, and main tenance activities, and creating disaster recovery plans for occurrences such as power outages, server failure, and virus attacks.

Sir Frederick Grant Banting :: Biographies

Sir Frederick Grant Banting (1891-1941) Life Description Sir Frederick Grant Banting was a Canadian physician, physiologist, and Nobel winner in 1923 for the discovery of the hormone insulin, used in treating diabetes. Early Life Banting was born November 14, 1891, on a farm near Alliston, Ontario. The death of his friend made him having the desire to be a doctor. However, his father was a devoutly religious man, and hoped that Frederick would become minister. After he graduated from high school, the conflicts with his parents begun. His parents finally persuaded him to enrol in the liberal art course at Victoria College, Ontario. In 1910, he and his cousin Fred Hipwell began their studies at Victoria College. However, Banting's mind was still on medicine. After several arguments with his parents, he entered the University of Toronto Medical School in the fall of 1912. His cousin quoted, "He was a steady, industrious student. He had no top marks or even honor standing, but there never was any doubt that he would pass." World War I While he was still in school, World War I started. In the spring of 1915, his name was enlisted in the Canadian Army. However, his commanding officer, arranged him for his education. Hours after the successful completion of his final exams in December 1916, he was back in uniform. Within a few months, he was serving in the Canadian Army Hospital at Ramsgate, England. He then voluntarily transferred to the front line near Cambrai, France because he felt he was not doing enough. He used his intelligence to capture three fully armed Germans without any use of weapons! This earned a rank of the Captain. He kept working at the frontline. On the morning of September 28, 1918, a shell burst close by and a piece of shrapnel buried itself in Banting's right arm. It was so bad that a doctor informed him that they had to amputate his arm. However, he refused, He did an operation to himself. Even though it was a long, slow process, his arm finally did heal. After World War I By the time he was recovered, he went back to Toronto. He opened an office as a surgeon. However, after 4 months, he only earned 14 dollars! Therefore, he transferred to University of Western Ontario as a teacher. Winning the Nobel Prize

Adlerian Theory and Models of Counseling Essay

The separate aspects that add up to the entire sum of what each individual develops into developed the basis of Adlerian Theory. This paper will address the connection between Adlerian theory and early psychodynamic theory and contemporary family systems. Adler’s greatest contribution to modern psychology will be included. The important influences on personality development that Adler thought important will be discussed. A treatment plan from an Adlerian approach will be used to respond to Darnell, a cases study that is correlated with this class. Adler’s Ideas Alfred Adler was a follower of Freud but separated himself to develop his own school of Individual Psychology. He thought that Freud’s views were too strongly influence by sexual instincts. Alfred Adler theory looked at how a person is influenced by his or her social urges and conscious thought, not every thing being influenced by sexual urges and the unconscious (Cervone & Pervin, 2010). Adlerian theory has an emphasis in birth order, social interests, and individual’s lifestyle, along with the concepts of inferiority and superiority as key components in the personality development. Much of Adlerian theory is based in socialistic ideology. Alfred Adler professed to be influenced by Karl Marx and much of his theory contains the inspirations from this type of ideology. Adler thought that psychological health is measured and determined by a person’s level of social contribution and the benefit received to the community for the greater good (Hunter, n.d.). â€Å"So cial contribution is increased through the reduction of mistaken beliefs, which frequently lead to maladaptive feelings of inferiority or superiority. This goal of combating false beliefs is attained through an understanding of family constellations, early memories, and dreams† Hunter (n.d.). Adler’s Contributions to Psychology Alfred Adler founded the Society of Individual Psychology in 1912. The author’s perspective believes that Adler’s greatest contribution to modern psychology is the suggestion that every person has a sense of inferiority. Early in childhood individuals work at trying to overcome their inferiority by asserting their superiority over others. Adler’s thoughts of striving for superiority was a concept that he believed to be a motivating force behind human behaviors, along with their thoughts and emotions (â€Å"Alfred Adler’s Contributions†, n.d.). This was known as the concept of the inferiority complex. Adler also contributed to psychology with his theory of position within the family system and the influence of birth order (University of Phoenix, 2013). The Adlerian theory states that a person’s lifestyle is comprised of four attributes are: self-concept, self-ideal, picture of the world, and ethical convictions (University of Phoenix, 2013). Adler also explored the family constellation and an individual’s relationship, early recollections, and the level of dominant or inferior role in that family system. Adlerian Theory for Case Analysis Darnell Yardley is the subject of this case study. Darnell is a 25-year-old African American College student referred for counseling by his academic advisor. Darnell has an athletic build, is well dressed and clean-shaven. He is reporting feelings of depression, anxiety, loneliness, and uncertainty with regard to career goals. His appearance is incongruent with his responses (University of Phoenix, 2013). Adlerian counseling would look at the influences on personality development for Darnell. The fact that Darnell was the youngest of four children and he was the only male child would be influential. Adlerian would look at the family constellation that Darnell grew up in. He describes his childhood as chaotic, with many fights. His father an electrical engineer was aloof, distant and very responsible. His mother was a nurse described as caring, but frequently overwhelmed and too stressed to provide for the children’s needs (University of Phoenix, 2013). Adlerian theory addresses early recollections, which for Darnell are traumatic and damaging. Darnell’s  early memories of his father coming home from work after a demotion and said to him â€Å"You are really dumb. Why can’t you be like your sisters?† This occurred after he received a C on a math test. He had a closer relationship with his mother but remembers yelling at her when she was drunk. Darnell reme mbers many nights where he would cry himself to sleep as a child (University of Phoenix, 2013). The outline for the strategy of applying Adlerian models in counseling Darnell would consist of specifics within the process of therapy. The therapist client relationship would be established. The process of therapy would explore the individual family of origin and the dynamics within that family. The client would discuss the feelings surrounding some of the early childhood recollections. The therapist would encourage the client with some self-understanding and insight regarding some of the issues discussed. The therapist would encourage the client to see there role in these events and then encourage them to re-orientate themselves as an adult and his or her own personal sense of fulfillment (University of Phoenix, 2013). A tailor made treatment plan for Darnell Yardley using Adlerian perspective would consists of certain goals for Darnell to work toward. The therapist would suggest that Darnell look at his premise and life goals. The therapist may challenge Darnell’s perspective in this process and have him inspect the things he has developed negative or inferior methods of viewing and thinking about something and show him a different approach. The therapist would encourage Darnell to develop some social goals. Such as he is complaining of being lonely, the therapist would have him join a club or become involved in team sport on campus and begin developing friendships. The therapist would challenge his loneliness with the thoughts of your lonely because you are alone. To have a friend you need to be a friend. This would also develop Darnell’s sense of belonging as he stated, â€Å"I feel alive and needed on the football field.† The therapist would encourage Darnell that if playin g football makes you feel happy and needed why not do it even if you are not doing it professionally. In conclusion, Alfred Adler was a therapist who was ahead of his time. His  approach was controversial and the sense of community made his theories seem less scientific in an empirical sense, rather more of a collection of his personal views. In a positive reflection the concept of the inferiority complex and an individual’s self worth can be strengthened and increase from the fostering of a group. The importance of what teamwork can impart on the strengthening a person’s self worth and a sense of belonging to a group can be a strong motivator toward positive change. The treatment plan for Darnell and Adler’s approach to family systems and group cohesion would be beneficial for relieving many of his reported issues. References Alfred Adler’s Contributions. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesal/p/alfred-adler.htm Cervone, D., & Pervin, L.A. (2010). Personality theory and research (11th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database Hunter, C. (n.d.). Adlerian Therapy. Retrieved from http://www.christiehunter.com/personality/alderian-therapy.htm University of Phoenix. (2013). Week Five Faculty Notes. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, CCMH/506 – Personality Theories and Counseling Models website University of Phoenix. (2013). Expert Theory Case Analysis. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, CCMH/506 – Personality Theories and Counseling Models website .

Definition and Examples of Syncopy in English